Tag Archives: History

Rwanda: Ni nde wishe Kizito Mihigo ?

IMG-20200223-WA0023
Kizito Mihigo
Na nyuma yo guherekeza bwa nyuma ndetse no gushyingura Kizito Mihigo, hari benshi batariyumvisha ko yatuvuyemo. Uku kutemera ibyabaye, ni ikimenyetso cy’uko hari abatarasobanukirwa n’ubutegetsi dufite mu Rwanda: ubutegetsi bushingiye ku iterabwoba, ikinyoma n’ukwikubira ibyiza by’igihugu.
Nk’umuntu wafungutse amaso y’umutima n’ay’umubiri, Kizito Mihigo ntiyashoboraga kubana na FPR, mbese nk’uko Imana rurema itabana na Shitani : Imana ntiyaba muri Gihenomu na Shitani ntiyaba mu ijuru. Kizito Mihigo yari ateye ubwoba FPR Inkotanyi kandi ibimenyetso biragenda bijya ahagaragara. Isomere inkuru zisohoka mu kinyamakuru igihe.com ku rupfu rwe urasangamo ibirenze ibihagije ko agatsiko ka FPR ari ko kirengeje intwari Kizito.
1. Impamvu yo kumwica
Kizito Mihigo yaratoboye avuga ibyo FPR idashaka ko bivugwa: ” Na bo ni abantu ndabasabira”. Nta bandi ni abahutu . Mwese muzi ko FPR mu buryo bwo gusibanganya burundu ikiremwa “Hutu” yakoze byinshi byo kubambura ubumuntu. Igikorwa cya mbere ni uguhakana ko babaho mu kiswe ko nta moko ahari, nyamara “Tutsi” ikaba mu Itegekonshinga. Hiyongera ho kutemera ko abahutu bishwe. (bakwicwa bate batabaho?)
Bityo nta mfubyi n’abapfakazi bandi babaho. amashyirahamwe y’abapfakazi n’imfubyi nta muhutu wabonamo, kuko nta babaho! Ibi byoseKizito yarabihakanye kuko ari ikinyoma, bamutegeka guca bugufi agasaba ngo imbabazi akanasiba indirimbo “igisobanuro cy’urupfu”. Ibi yabanje kubyemera kugira ngo akusanye ibimenyetso bishyira ahabona umugambi mubisha FPR yubakiyeho.
Amaze kubyegeranya, baramubajije bati ya ndirimbo ko utayisiba, ati: “sinzayisiba”. Bamukubita agafuni mu gahanga.
2. Gusibanganya ibimenyetso
Mu nkuru za tracts (zidasinye) zisohoka ku igihe.com abishi ba Kizito baragerageza gusobanura ko Kizito yagombaga gupfa ariko bakerekana ko yiyambuye ubuzima. Abamenyereye ibijyanye n’ibyaha bya za Leta (crimes d’Etat) birazwi ko umuntu yicwa bigakurikirwa no kuvuga ko yiyahuye.
Iyo Kizito aba yariyahuye koko, inzego z’agatsiko zari gukora enquête zigashakisha umuntu watumye yiyahura. Kuko ubwabyo gutuma umuntu yiyahura ni icyaha. Nyamara kugeza n’ubu nta cyakozwe. Ikivugwa ni uko basanze Kizito amanitse mu mugozi, ariko ntibavuga uwamushyizemo.
Abazi iriya police station ya Remera muzi uko amadirishya areshya. Iyo bavuze idirishya hari abagira ngo ni ahantu harehare. Reka da! Byonyine ufashe igihagararo cya Kizito, ubona ko asumba iryo dirishya rivugwa. Nta buryo bushoboka ko umuntu yiyahurira ahantu arusha ubuhagarike (hauteur). Byongeye kandi, muzasome ibijyanye n’amaperereza ajyanye no kwiyahura, iyo hari ikintu , (urukuta, ibuye, idirishya…) uwiyahura ashobora gukandagiraho, nibyo bimutabara mu gihe arimo kurwana no kuva mu mugozi umuniga. (Uwiyahura agera aho ababara agashaka guhagarika kwiyahura) .
3. Umurage w’ubwiyunge nyabwo
FPR yagaragaje ko ubwiyunge nyabwo ntacyo buyibwiye. Abahutu baramutse bemeye ko batabaho, ntibasabe ko ababo bishwe na FPR babona ubutabera ngo bibukwe nk’uko bikorwa ku Batutsi, ntihagire umu lideri (leader) wa politiki uvugira ku mugaragaro ikibazo cy’ihezwa rikorerwa abahutu, kuri FPR ibintu byaba ari bala bala. Ubwiyunge bwaba ari 100%.
Kizito ibi yabyitaga ubwiyunge bw’ikinyoma. Wakwiyunga ute n’umuntu utamuhaye agaciro? Utamubonamo ubumuntu? Umubona nk’uwo mutareshya? Abiyunga ni abashoboye kuganira kandi abaganira ni abareshya. Uwo ari we wese wubakira kuri supremacie Tutsi ntashobora gushyikiira urugero rwa Kizito. Kizito MIHIGO yari muri dimension benshi mu Banyarwanda batarageraho, abo byacangaga cyane bahitamo kumwica aka ya mvugo ngo “Imana bayirasiye i Kinihira” .
Umwanzuro:
Abishi ba Kizito barazwi:
1. Inès MPAMBARA ni we watanze itegeko na we arihawe na Kagame. uyu mugore ubu wagizwe ministre w’ibikorwa bya Guverinoma yari umuyobozi w’ibiro bya Kagame mu gihe cy’imyaka 12. Yumvikanaga neza na Kagame, yari azi neza ibyo Kagame ashaka ndetse kubera ko Kagame ahora mu ndege, uriya mugore ni we wayoboraga igihugu.
2. Paul KAGAME: we nta kumutidaho. yifiteye ibibazo psychologique, yumva ko umuti w’ibibazo ari ukwica, abihoza mu kanwa, ni yo hymne ye. Asigaje kwica abamukomokaho mbere yo kwiyica ubwe.
3. Tito RUTAREMARA na MUGESERA Antoine
Aba ni bo bari bafite ijambo rikomeye mu nama nkuru y’Abatutsi b’abahezanguni yabereye mu biro bya Visi perezida wa Senat. Muri iyi nama niho Kizito yakubitiwe, abwirwa ko ari “imbwa ishaka kuvugira abahutu”. Mugesera ni we watanze igitekerezo cy’uko ashobora kwicwa kandi “isi igakomeza igatembera”.
4. Abahezanguni bashyigikiye uyu mugambi harimo Tom NDAHIRO, MUKAGASANA Yolanda, …
5. Inzego z’iperereza n’iza gipolisi zashyize mu bikorwa iki gikorwa
Chaste GAHUNDE
chaste.gahunde@gmail.com
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IGISUBIZO CYA BIZINDOLI ALBERT KU NYANDIKO YA KOLONELI SERUBUGA

Koloneli Serubuga,

Mperutse gusoma inyandiko wagejeje ku basomyi, aho utanga ubuhamya kw’iyicwa ry’abo wita abanyepolitiki bo kuri Leta ya mbere.

Kuba umuntu nka we  yiyemeza gutanga ubuhamya ku  byabaye muri kiriya gihe, ni igikorwa gikomeye, nifuje gushimira mbikuye ku mutima. Mu ntangiriro y’iyo nyandiko uragira uti : « ikifuzo cyo kumenya uburyo bariya banyepolitiki bapfuye gifite ishingiro kandi ndagishyigikiye byimazeyo ».  Ngushimiye iyi nkunga uduteye,  …Ndagushimira kandi icyubahiro ugaragariza ababyeyi bacu n’imiryango basize. Benshi bakakurebeyeho.

Nyamara iyi nyandiko yawe nasomanye igihunga, n’amatsiko menshi yansigiye inyota n’ibibazo byinshi mu mutwe. ku mpamvu ebyili. Iya mbere ni ukukukubwira uburyo nagiye nsesengura bumwe mu buhamya utanga, iya kabili ni ukugirango nk’umwe  mu bantu bake cyane bafite ukuli kwose kuri ariya mahano, ngusabe gusubiza bimwe mu bibazo abantu benshi twibaza

Kuri iyi foto igaragaraho Perezida Geregori Kayibanda na Tadeyo Bagaragaza,  murabonaho kandi ba ministres Munyaneza Augustin, Minani Frodourd, na Nyiribakwe Godefroid,  Abo baministre batatu biciwe muri gereza ya Ruhengeli.

Koko rero, uri umwe mu bari ku isonga ya kudeta yahiritse Perezida Geregori Kayibanda. Kudeta yakurikiwe n’ifatwa, ifungwa, n’iyicarubozo rya ziriya nzirakarengane, ntibagiwe urupfu rudasobanutse rwa Kayibanda n’umufasha we.

Nyuma y’iyo kudeta kugeza mu ntangiriro ya za 90 wabaye umugaba wungirije w’ingabo z’ U Rwanda. Umwanya wakugiraga nomero ya kabiri mu buyobozi bw’ingabo  z’igihugu nyuma ya Yuvenali Habyalimana wali Perezida wa Repubulika. Byongeye kandi  mukomoka mu karere kamwe (Perefegitura ya Gisenyi, uturere twa Kingogo na Bushiru duhana imbibi).

Ibi byose byaguhaga ubushobozi (le pouvoir et les moyens) nibura bwo kumenya ibintu byose bikomeye bibera mu gihugu, niba utabigizemo uruhare rugaragara, ndavuga iyo byabaga bireba  imilimo wari ushinzwe nk’umukuru w’ingabo.

Muri iyi nyandiko yawe, uragira uti byose (ukuli kuri buriya buhotozi)  bikubiye mu nyandiko y’ubugenzacyaha yakoreshejwe mu gushinja ababigizemo uruhare.  Uti kutamenya ibiyikubiyemo ni byo bikurura urwikekwe. Usibye ko utabwira abasomyi  aho iyo nyandiko iherereye ngo nabo babashe kuyisoma bisesengurire, bike mu byo twumvise kuri ruriya rubanza rwa Lizinde, Biseruka na bagenzi babo, niba ari rwo uvuga, ni  uko ba nyir’ ukuregwa bemeje ko batari bonyine, ko ahubwo bubahirije amabwiriza bahabwaga na Etat-major,  yo yabahaga n’uburyo bwo kurangiza icyo gikorwa. Ni ukuvuga muri service wayoboraga. Ndetse hari n’inyandiko nabonye zemeza ko bavuze ko amwe muri ayo mabwiriza ari wowe ubwawe wayatangaga !

Aba ni bamwe muri ba « Camarades du 5 juillet ».  Serubuga Lawurenti yegeranye na Ruhashya Epimaque

Biraruhije kwumva no kwemera ko  umuprokireri na ba diregiteri ba gereza, kabone n’iyo baba bakingiwe ikibaba n’umukuru w’urwego rw’iperereza, bahindura  gereza ifungiyemo abantu nka bariya, akalima kabo, bakabica urubozo, bose bagashirira kw’icumu, umukuru w’igihugu, umugaba wungirije w’ingabo ntibabimenye. Nawe ubwawe ntubasha kubisobanura, uribaza uko byagenze.  Ese abanyarwanda bemere koko ko igihe Klaveri Ndahayo, Niyonzima Maximiliyani,  Atanazi Mbarubukeye, Frodouald Minani, Gaspard Harelimana, na bagenzi babo uyu munsi wita « les regrettés », bari barimo kwicishwa inzara n’amahiri n’abakozi ukuriye, we wari ufite ibindi bibazo bikomeye uhugiyemo, ku buryo utigeze ubimenya ?   Nyamara iyo nkuru yari yasesekaye no muri rubanda !

Byananiye na none kwumva no kwemera ko  Kalisa, Gakire, Gasamunyiga Melchior (et non Ferdinand) bapfuye mu gihe kitarenze ukwezi,  ngo inama ya Etat-major igaterana, iyobowe n’umukuru w’igihugu, aho kwiga ku rupfu rw’abo bantu, ngo imenye icyo bazize,  ihe imirambo yabo imiryango yabo, irebe uko yakiza abasigaye, ahubwo igashakisha uburyo  inkuru z’impfu zabo  zajya zitangazwa, zitanyuze mu byuma bya gisirikare ! Ibyo ni ibyo nsoma mu nyandiko yawe ! Ni ukuvuga ko mwari muzi ko n’abandi bagiye gukurikiraho gupfa ? !!! Nyamara ntibari abasaza, nta n’indwara binjiranye muri gereza ! Nk’uko ubyandika ngo ibyemezo byafashwe icyo gihe, ni ibyo kubuza izo nkuru gutangwa zinyuze nyine muri ibyo byuma, no gukikiza gereza bafungiyemo abasirikare. Ahubwo se black out uvuga intandaro yayo si iyo ? Ngo iyo nama yemeje kandi ko ingabo zizajya zibaherekeza iyo basohotse. Ikibazo ni uko uwasohotse atagarutse ! Ikigaragara muri ibi byose ni uko nta muntu wigeze aryozwa urupfu rw’abo bagabo muri icyo gihe. !! None se ubwo twagumya kuvuga ko ingabo n’abazikuriye nta ruhare zagize muri buriya buhotozi? Niba mutaratanze (aha ndavuga Habyalimana Yuvenali na Serubuga Lawurenti) ryo kubatsemba, imyitwarire yanyu, ibyemezo mwafashe nyma y’urupfu rwa bariya, byagaragaye nko gutanga uruhushya rwo gutsemba abasigaye, mu ibanga kandi nta nkomyi.

 Gakire Jean, Kalisa Narcisse, Gasamunyiga Melchior, bavugwa mu nyandiko ya Serubuga ko bapfuye hadashize ukwezi kudeta ibaye. Bari bakiri abasore, nta ndwara binjiranye muri geeza.

Ngo nidusome anketi zakozwe mu rwego rwo kuburanisha Lizinde ni zo zizatubwira uko byagenze ! Nkurikije ibyo wandika, icyo zigaragaraza, ni uko abo basirikare (abasirikare bo mu rwego rwo hasi barindaga gereza), bamwe nta raporo bakoze, abandi bazikora bakandika ngo RAS (ntacyabaye cyo kwandikwa), cyangwa se zigahera mu nzira. Ese ibyo ni byo byatwemeza ko wowe n’abagukuriye ntacyo mwari muzi ? None se ibyo wivugira ko mwamenye byo mwabikozeho iki ? Ndavuga urupfu rwa Gakire, Kalisa, n’umunyamakuru Gasamunyiga ? Kubuza inkuru gutambuka, kubuza abantu kwegera gereza ni icyemezo cyanyu, nk’uko ubyiyandikira.

Nongere mbisubiremo umwanya wari ufite waguhaga nibura ubushobozi bwo kumenya ibintu byose bikomeye bibera mu gihugu, niba utabigizemo uruhare rugaragara.

Niba koko icyifuzo cyawe ari uguhesha icyubahiro ziriya nzirakarengane, no guharanira ko ukuli kwunga abanyarwanda, dufashe gutsinda igihu cy’ibinyoma n’iterabwoba gitwikiriye, benshi bashaka gukomeza gutwikiriza  buriya bugizi bwa nabi, wemeza ko bwakorewe inzirakarengane, imiryango yazo, Leta y ‘u Rwanda n’igihugu cyose. Muri urwo rwego nk’umwe mu bayobozi bakuru b’inzego z’umutekano w’igihugu waduha ibisubizo by’ibi bibazo tudahwema kwibaza?

  •  Ukuli ku rupfu rwa Perezida Kayibanda n’umufasha we?
  • Impamvu z’ifatwa rya bariya « banyepolitiki » ? kuki bo ? kubera izihe mpamvu ?   Hagendewe kuki ? Kuki icyemezo cyo kubica kariya kageni?
  • Hari ibindi kandi uzi bijyanye na buri wese ku giti cye (icyo bamuregaga, ubuzima bwe mu buroko, igihe yapfiriye, uko yapfuye, aho yajugunywe), wadufasha kubimenya.

Udafite igihe cyo kwandika, wadutumaho, ukatubwira ibyo uzi, twe tuzabyandika.

Naho ibyerekeye kumenya intandaro y’amakimbirane hagati y’abakiga n’abanyeduga, ndibwira ko iyicwa ry’abo mwita abanyepolitiki bo kuri Repubulika ya mbere ari imwe mu mpamvu, ariko si yo yonyine : Gucira imiryango yabo mu byaro nyuma yo kuyicuza ibyakayitunze, kwima abana babo amashuli, gukumira, kudindiza, gutesha agaciro byakorewe abaturage bo muri kariya karere, nyuma y’uko ingenzi muri bo zihotowe, ibi byose biri kumwe. Ariko mu myumvire yanjye bwite, ntibyakagombye, kuba intandaro y’inzangano hagati y’abaturage. Bifite ababikoze, ntibyakagombye kwitirirwa abaturage batabibatumye, ndetse nibwira ko nabo byababaje nk’abandi bose. Ariko iki ni cyo kibazo k’ingenzi cy’ U Rwanda : abategetsi bagira abaturage bo mu bwoko bwabo, cyangwa uturere bavukamo ingwate za politiki zabo mbi bababeshya ko ari bo bakorera. Nabo bakabyemera.

Cyokora niba icyo mwifuza ari uko dukorana n’abantu bashyigikiye abakoze ariya mahano, ndetse twashaka no kwibuka abacu bakadutera mabuye, byo ntibishoboka.  Guceceka cyangwa se kurenzaho sibwo buryo bwo gukemura ibibazo. Ukuli ni ko kwonyine kuzunga abanyarwanda.

Albert BIZINDOLI

Paris, France

Amateka: umunsi mwiza w’ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda

Kuri iyi tariki ya 1 Nyakanga, u Rwanda rwibuka isabukuru y’ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda.

Kuri iyi nshuro ya 53 y’iyo sabukuru nifuje kubagezaho amagambo yari agize indirimbo yubahiriza igihugu u Rwanda rukibona ubwigenge.

Rwanda Rwacu 

  1. Rwanda rwacu Rwanda Gihugu cyambyaye
    Ndakuratana ishyaka n’ubutwari
    Iyo nibutse ibigwi wagize kugeza ubu
    Nshimira Abarwanashyaka
    Bazanye Repubulika idahinyuka
    Bavandimwe, b’uru Rwanda rwacu twese
    Nimuhaguruke
    Turubumbatire mu mahoro, mu kuli
    Mu bwigenge no mu bwumvikane
  1. Impundu nizivuge mu Rwanda hose
    Repuburika yakuye ubuhake
    Ubukolonize bwagiye nk’ifuni iheze
    Shinga umuzi Demokarasi
    Waduhaye kwitorera Abategetsi
    Banyarwanda: abakuru namwe abato
    Mwizihiye u Rwanda
    Turubumbatire mu mahoro, mu kuli
    Mu bwigenge no mu bwumvikane
  1. Bavuka Rwanda mwese muvuze impundu
    Demokarasi yarwo iraganje
    Twayiharaniye rwose twese uko tungana
    Gatutsi, Gatwa na Gahutu
    Namwe Banyarwana bandi mwabyiyemeje
    Indepandansi twatsindiye twese hamwe
    Tuyishyigikire
    Tuyibumbatire mu mahoro, mu kuli
    Mu bwigenge no mu bwumnvikane
  1. Ni mucyo dusingize Ibendera ryacu
    Arakabaho na Perezida wacu
    Barakabaho abaturage b’iki Gihugu
    Intego yacu Banyarwanda
    Twishyire kandi twizane mu Rwanda rwacu
    Twese hamwe, twunge ubumwe nta mususu
    Dutere imbere ko
    Turubumbatire mu mahoro, mu kuli
    Mu bwigenge no mu bwumvikane

UMUNSI WO KWIBUKA INZIRAKARENGANE ZOSE WARI WATEGUWE NA NEW GENERATION LEADERS WAGENZE NK’UKO TWARI TWABYIFUJE.

Nouvelle-generation-300x199

Ku nshuro ya mbere mu mateka y’amashyaka ya opozisiyo nyarwanda kuri uyu wagatandatu tariki ya 17 gicurasi umwaka w’2014 amashyaka ane ya Nouvelle Géneration yafatanije gutegura no gushyira mu bikorwa umuhango wo kwibukira hamwe inzira karengane zose nta vangura nk’uko bimenyerewe ahandi.

Nk’uko byari biteganijwe kuri gahunda igikorwa cyo kwibuka cyari cyahariwe uwo munsi cyabimburiwe n’igitambo cya Misa cyabereye kuri 

Kiriziya Saint Charles , 15 Avenue Karreveld ,1080 Molenbeek mu mugi wa Buruseri mu gihugu cy’Ububiligi.

Uwo muhango ukaba warakurikiraniwe hafi n’anyarwandabenshi, en directe/live,kuri Radio Ijwi rya Rubanda kuva mu ntangiriro kugera ku iherezo.

Nk’uko twabimenyeshejwe n’ubuyobozi bw’iyo radio uwo muhango wakurikiranyewe n’amatsinda y’abanyarwanda atari munsi ya 200 ukurikije umubare wa za mudasobwa zakoreshejwe zikurikirana uwo muhango ni ukuvuga ko ari ikigereranyo cy’abantu byibura 600 bakurikiranye uwo muhango kuri radio.

Naho aho umuhango wari wabereye witabiriwe n’abantu bagera kuri 80.

Nk’uko byari biteganyijwe rero kuri gahunda, amashyaka ane yiganjemo abanyapolitiki bahuriye mu murongo wa Nouvelle Génération/New Generation yahuriye mu gikorwa cyo kwibuka inzirakarengane zo ku mpande zombi zazize amahano yagwiriye igihugu cyacu guhera ku itariki ya mbere Ukwakira umwaka w’i 1990 kugeza kuwa 31 Ukuboza 1994 nyuma ayo mahano agakomereza mu gihugu cya Zaire ariyo Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo y’ubu hagati y’umwaka w’1996 kugeza mu mwaka w’ 2002 ndetse kugeza na n’ubu FPR ikaba igukomeje umugambi wayo mubisha wo guhiga abanyarwanda aho bayihungiye.

Ayo mahano akaba yariswe Jenoside mu ndimi z’amahanga ariko hakemezwa gusa iyakorewe abatutsi mu gihe iyakorewe abahutu igitegereje kwemezwa na Loni cyangwa urundi rwego rubifitiye ububasha

Tukaba twakwizeza abanyarwanda bose ko amashyaka ya Nouvelle Gération azafatanya n’abandi bafite ubushake mu guharanira ko n’iyo Jenocide yakorewe abahutu nayo yakwemezwa ndetse n’abayigizemo uruhare bagashyikirizwa inkiko zibifitiye ububasha.

Amashyaka yari yateraniye muri icyo gikorwa ni FPP-Urukatsa, ISHEMA Party, ISANGANO ARRDC- Abenegihugu ndetse na UDFR –Ihamye.

Hagaragaye kandi n’abandi bayobozi ndetse n’abayoboke bakomoka mu yandi mashyaka yari yaje kwifatanya natwe kwibuka abavandimwe bacu b’inzirakarengane twari twahariye uwo mu nsi. Intumwa z’imiryango ya sosiyete sivile nazo ntizatanzwe muri uwo muhango ndetse zihatanga n’ibitekerezo byubaka opozisiyo nyarwanda.

Nyuma y’igitambo cya Misa hakurikiyeho amasengesho mpuza matorero yahaye buri torero ryari ryaserukiwe umwanya wo gusengera inzirakarengane zose. Ayo masengesho akaba yarayobowe n’umupasteri wo kuruhande rw’itorero ry’abaprotestani ndetse n’intumwa yari yoherejwe na Sheikh ku ruhande rw’ idini y’abaislam nyuma hasoza amasengesho y’umusasaridoti wa kiliziya gatolika.

Gahunda y’amasengesho irangiye hakurikiyeho ubuhamya bw’abantu banyuranye baba abahutu cyangwa abatutsi bose bavuga ibyababayeho mu bwisanzure buhagije.

Nyuma y’ubuhamya bunyuranye bwakunzwe na benshi abari bitabiriye icyo gikorarwa bafashe akaruhuko baboneraho no gufata amafoto y’urwibutso.

Umuhango wo gufata amafoto y’urwibutso urangiye abari aho basubiye mu nzu bari bateraniyemo bahabwa umwanya wo kubaza ibibazo binyuranye ni uko abayobozi b’amashyaka yari yateguye icyo gikorwa bagerageza kubibonera ibisubizo bikwiriye.

Guhera mu ntangiriro kugeza ku musozo igikorwa cyaranzwe n’ituze ryinshi ndetse n’ubusabane busesuye bwaranzwe n’urukundo rutagira imbereka.

Abari bitabiriye icyo gikorwa bose bagaragaje ko kubera agaciro k’icyo gikorwa basanga umunsi umwe udahagije dore ko abifuzaga gutanga ubuhamya bari benshi ariko umwanya ukaba mugufi ndetse n’ababutanze bakaba barasanze umwanya bahawe utari uhagije bityo basaba abayobozi b’amashyaka yari yateguye icyo gikorwa ko ubutaha bazashaka uko batanga igihe kirenze umunsi umwe kugirango buri wese agabanye intimba imuri kumutima.

Iyi nkuru mwayiteguriwe kandi muyigejejweho na

AKISHULI ABDALLAH