Category Archives: Education

Rwanda, covid-19: another lunatic measure!

In Rwanda, wonders shall never end! During this time of COVID-19 and the lockdown measures decreeted by Kigali Government, another lunatic decision was made: an online teaching platform. A wonderful idea, isn’t it? But something is rotten. Follow me!

Rwanda Education Board announces the setting up of an online learning initiative. However, the teaching platform requires other tools such as computers, tablets or smartphone; power and internet connection. All these are not available to rwandan students, especially in rural areas.

According to CIA Factbook about 3, 7 million people used internet in 2017, that is about 30% of the total population. By June 2019, internet subscriptions are said to be 6.2 millions representing 51.6% ( RURA 2018-2019 report). Knowing how the government uses cooked statistics, let us keep it as it is for now. The most appaling is electricity availability. The number of customers with access to electricity is 951,613 (less than a million) with an annual energy supply equivalent to 854,183.87 MWh (for home and industrial consumption). One should recall that the total population is a little more than 12 millions!

It is important to note that currently, based on REB statistics, Rwanda has more than 1 million enrolled students (secondary, vocational and tertiary schools).

What about computers, tablets and/ or smartphones? Here is what Rwandans have to say:

The government of Rwanda intends to impress the international community by putting in place far-fetched solutions which cannot fit into the national context. No machines, no electricity and no internet, yet you pretend to run an online teaching platform!

What’s a lunacy! Wonders shall never end.

Chaste Gahunde

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Rwanda : Halte au génocide intellectuel

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Dans son article du 23-03-2019, le journal rwandais « Kigali Today » titrait : « Dans la province du Nord, 47% des élèves qui terminent l’école primaire ne savent ni lire ni écrire ». Il rapportait ainsi les propos du directeur du REB (Rwanda Education Board), Dr Ndayambaje Irenée, qui était venu dans la région pour une réunion de mise au point avec les responsables du secteur pour examiner les raisons à la base de cette situation.

A cette occasion, dans son discours de circonstance, Dr Ndayambaje Irenée a précisé, en citant le rapport de 2018, que dans la région du Nord, « seuls 52, 8% des élèves qui terminent l’école primaire peuvent lire le contenu du livre de l’élève de la 6^è primaire ». Il a poursuivi : « Le plus grave, c’est que cette lacune ne s’observe pas seulement dans la lecture du Kinyarwanda (langue maternelle), mais également dans les autres branches comme le calcul où le rapport ci-haut cité montre que seuls 59,7% des élèves peuvent effectuer des opérations mathématiques consignées dans le programme scolaire de la 6^èannée primaire ». Il a terminé en fustigeant les responsables de l’enseignement, à tous les niveaux, et leur a demandé de se remettre en question.

Le même constat a été fait le 06/08/2019 par le ministre de l’Intérieur, professeur Shyaka Anastase, dans la région de Ngorero, province de l’Ouest. Le même journal « Kigali Today » dans son édition du 7-08-2019 rapporte : « Le Professeur Shyaka a instruit les autorités concernées que 1.851 élèves qui ont abandonné l’école soient réintégrés avant la fin de ce mois d’août 2019 ». Au Rwanda, le décrochage scolaire est un fléau. Il est dû surtout à la pauvreté. Les enfants qui n’ont rien à manger préfèrent aller se livrer aux petits boulots pour gagner un peu de sous leur permettant de s’acheter de quoi se mettre sous la dent.

Ce constat amer des responsables politiques du pays au plus haut niveau donne l’image de ce qu’est l’enseignement public au Rwanda.

Les observateurs les plus avertis sont d’avis qu’en scrutant les causes de cette situation dans laquelle se trouve l’enseignement, l’on s’aperçoit qu’il s’agit d’une politique délibérée de la clique au pouvoir au Rwanda depuis juillet 1994. En effet, si on passe en revue les mesures prises dans ce secteur l’on s’aperçoit qu’elles visaient, toutes, le nivellement vers le bas de la qualité de l’enseignement. Voyons-en quelques-unes.

L’imposition subite de l’anglais comme langue d’enseignement

C’est en octobre 2008 que le conseil des ministres a décidé de supprimer le français comme langue d’enseignement et de le remplacer par l’anglais. Le ministre de l’Enseignement primaire et secondaire d’alors, Théoneste Mutsindashyaka, par sa circulaire du 31/12/2008, donna des directives pour l’accélération de l’adoption de l’anglais dans l’enseignement de base. Comme l’année scolaire débute en janvier, la mesure fut mise en exécution à la rentrée scolaire, en janvier 2009.

Dans un pays où le français a régné en maître depuis l’introduction de l’école au Rwanda par le colonisateur belge et l’Eglise catholique vers 1900, cette mesure est tombée comme un couperet. Avec la suppression subite du français comme langue d’enseignement, la presque totalité des enseignants du pays, tous francophones, devenaient ipso facto comme des analphabètes. Des stages d’anglais furent organisés à la hâte dans un court laps de temps durant le 3^ètrimestre 2008, mais c’était insuffisant pour que les enseignants puissent transmettre la matière aux élèves dans la langue de Shakespeare.

Des promotions entières en subirent les conséquences néfastes qui, malheureusement, font encore des ravages aujourd’hui, 10 ans après.

Le 18 avril 2019, sur une radio en ligne, Radio Inkingi, le journaliste est parvenu à faire parler trois enseignants de l’école primaire au Rwanda. Tous ont avoué qu’ils ne parlaient pas anglais alors qu’il leur était demandé de dispenser leurs leçons dans cette langue. Comment font-ils? A cette question ce fut motus et bouche cousue. Un des enseignants a eu le courage d’avouer qu’ils ont quelques phrases qu’ils ont mémorisées et qu’ils font répéter aux élèves quand c’est nécessaire, notamment si l’inspection s’annonce.

La surpopulation des classes

A ce sujet, les mêmes enseignants interviewés ont révélé que dans l’école primaire, il a été instauré le système de double vacation : dans une salle de classe, il y a au moins 90 élèves le matin et 90 élèves l’après-midi. Dans ces conditions, l’enseignant a toutes les difficultés à suivre chaque élève. A l’école secondaire, une classe peut contenir jusqu’à 120 étudiants. C’est ce qu’a constaté, avec étonnement, le premier ministre Dr Edouard Ngirente au mois de février 2019 lors de sa visite dans une école secondaire de la région de Karongi, dans la province de l’Ouest où l’on trouve 124 élèves par classe, dans un local exigu. Un des étudiants de cette école a dit au Premier ministre : « Le problème que nous avons est le nombre élevé des étudiants par classe. Les chaises sont trop serrées, on respire péniblement. On a des difficultés à écrire car on se cogne les coudes,… La solution serait de construire d’autres locaux de classe,… ».

Dans le même article de « Kigali Today » on peut lire que dans le Groupe scolaire de Kinyinya dans les faubourgs de la capitale Kigali, certains élèves de l’école primaire et secondaire suivent les cours assis par terre ou sur des pierres, des bidons vides ou alors debout à longueur de journée.

La clochardisation de l’enseignant

Le salaire d’un enseignant de l’école primaire oscille autour de 50.000 francs rwandais (FRW) ; exactement 44.000 FRW pour un enseignant débutant.

A voir le coût de la vie au Rwanda, cette somme est dérisoire. L’enseignant vivote. Il porte le sobriquet de Gakweto (porteur de vieilles chaussures). On parle également du « thé de l’enseignant » pour dire un thé sans sucre ; l’enseignant n’ayant pas de moyen pour s’acheter du sucre, il se contente de ce thé amer.

Dans l’émission-radio ci-haut citée, les enseignants ont expliqué pourquoi ils sont les plus mal chaussés : une paire de souliers bas de gamme coûte 15.000 Frw; une chemise 10.000FRW, un pantalon 15.000 FRW. Cela fait que certains enseignants se présentent devant les élèves en haillons avec des souliers troués.

Ajouter à cela que l’enseignant doit se nourrir et nourrir sa famille et quelques fois payer son loyer (un des enseignants interviewé a déclaré qu’il loue une chambrette pour 15.000Frw).

L’enseignant rwandais est au bas de l’échelle. A diplôme égal, son collègue qui est dans l’administration publique touche un salaire de 150.000frw (3 fois le salaire de l’enseignant). Si par chance un enseignant est coopté et nommé député au Parlement rwandais, il a un salaire de 2.500.000frw (50 fois le salaire de l’enseignant).

Pire encore, sur ce salaire de l’enseignant est ponctionné à la base de différentes cotisations : cotisation du parti FPR; cotisation dans le FARG; cotisation de maintien de sécurité ; cotisation pour le fond des constructions scolaires; cotisation de solidarité des mutuelles pour soutenir les moins nantis,…

La situation financière de l’enseignant est si catastrophique que certains enseignants ont des enfants qui n’ont pas pu aller à l’école secondaire, leurs parents ne pouvant pas leur payer les frais scolaires exigés.

Les effets du contrat de performance

C’est à la mode au Rwanda, chaque service doit signer un contrat renfermant des objectifs à atteindre sur une période d’une année. Les effets délétères du « contrat de performance » se sont manifestés dans l’enseignement. Dans ce domaine, l’évaluation des objectifs se base sur le taux de réussite réalisé par un enseignant. Pour ce faire et pour mettre toutes les chances de son côté, il n’hésite pas à pousser les élèves à tricher lors des examens pour pouvoir atteindre le taux de réussite auquel il s’est engagé dans le contrat signé avec le district. En 2011, une quinzaine d’enseignants ont été renvoyés pour n’avoir pas atteint le taux de réussite fixé dans le contrat. La fraude est ainsi tolérée dans les examens au niveau des écoles primaires, secondaires et même dans des instituts supérieurs et des universités. Il est évident que la qualité de l’enseignement en subit un coup car les enseignants privilégient le gonflement des chiffres de réussite à exhiber et donc évitent ainsi leur renvoi.

Un enseignement à deux vitesses

La situation décrite plus haut est valable pour l’enseignement public surtout dans les campagnes. Dans des villes fleurissent des écoles privées, élitistes, qui accueillent les enfants des dignitaires du régime ou des enfants avec le statut de « rescapé » pour qui le FARG (Fonds d’aide aux rescapés du génocide) paye tout. Ces derniers peuvent ainsi accéder à ces « bonnes écoles » dont les frais scolaires exorbitants sont un facteur discriminant. Ces écoles privées engagent des enseignants bien formés et dispensent un enseignement bilingue anglais-français de haute qualité.

Ce sont ces enfants bien formés qui réussissent des concours pour faire des études supérieures au Rwanda ou à l’étranger.

Le système scolaire rwandais a instauré ainsi une sorte de reproduction sociale : l’enfant d’un cadre sera un cadre, l’enfant d’un officier sera un grand commis de l’État… Mais la majorité des enfants rwandais est sacrifiée car il leur est empêché d’accéder au savoir par un régime, qui, tout compte fait, a planifié minutieusement son action ‘‘genocidogène’’.

Gaspard Musabyimana
26/8/2019

Kagame’s Rwanda Is A Serial Lying Nation

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When a ruler of a nation lies, the rest of his regime follows – and soon lying becomes a way of life. That how Rwanda became a lying nation. President Paul Kagame routinely lies and doubles down when caught. Perhaps the most embarrassing moment for the Rwandan dictator was in Dubai two years ago when asked why Rwanda does not manufacture anything, despite being touted as Africa’s economic success story. Kagame was caught off guard – and stammered something about Rwanda manufacturing computers, and that even the boxes in which computers are packaged read

“Made in Rwanda.”

This culture of lying has cascaded downward into the whole system. And today I caught one such big lie from, of all places, Rwanda’s premiere knowledge centre – no less than the University of Rwanda (UR).

In an exclusive interview with The New Times, Deputy Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs and Research, Prof Nelson Ijumba, made the following claims, regarding the UR’s international rankings:

Since UR started, our publications have gone up, volume is not high but impact is high, we are now second to Makerere University in the East African Region. Our position in ranking is not bad, top 10 in East Africa, we are among the top 7 per cent in universities in Africa, worldwide about top 30 per cent but we would like to do better.

Prof Nelson Ijumba: “University of Rwanda is second only to Makerere University; among the top 7% in Africa; and among 30% globally”

This is a disgrace – in a normal country, this senior official would be held accountable for such outrageous and deliberate deceitfulness.

The New Times, too, is not bothered to challenge such bogus claims because the newspaper is part of Kagame’s lying machine. In reality, UR’s ranks 106th in Africa, and 3,557th in the world. In the East African region, not only does UR not feature among the main national universities such as Makerere University, University of Nairobi, and University of Dar Es Salaam, it is not even competitive among second-tier institutions such as Moi University in Kenya, or Mbarara University of Science and Technology in Uganda.

Let us also not forget that the regime has financial difficulties to the extent that UR’s professors have not been receiving their salaries for the past five months. How can professors struggling to feed their families perform effectively – whether in researching and publishing, or teaching and supervising future scholars and subject experts? How can a university that does not fulfill its basic obligations achieve any significant ranking?

Kagame and Rwandan officials who lie about performance should know that there is no shortcut to success. Dictators world-over are in such a hurry to boast about achievements, and eagerly manipulate statistics or exaggerate the little they may have achieved. But there are no shortcuts to the development of a country or a university. The key to any long-term success is to take the necessary steps to steadily progress – as opposed to skipping any of the steps. In the case of UR, the Kagame regime must begin with paying teachers and staff their salaries. Lying about performance does not pay – sooner or later, the liar gets caught, as in this case with Prof Ijumba.

Mu gihe ubukene bunuma, amashuri y’umwana wa Paul Kagame yatwaye akayabo ka miliyoni 150

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Ese koko Brian (ari kumwe na mushiki we Ange) ngo yajyanywe kwiga muri America kuko FPR yanze guteza imbere uburezi mu Rwanda muri gahunda yo gupyinagaza rubanda rugufi?!

Tumaze kumenya ko Perezida Paul Kagame afite umwana warangije amashuri yisumbuye muri Amerika, twashatse kumenya amafaranga iryo shuri ryaka abana baryigamo. Nkuko twabibwiwe Brian Kagame, ubucura bwa Paul na Jeannette Kagame, yigaga mw’ishuri rihenze ryitwa Deerfield Academy riherereye muri leta ya Massachussets.

Ku mwaka iryo shuri ririhisha ibihumbi hafi 50 by’amadorari ($49,625) ku mwaka. Nukuvuga ko mu myaka ine byatwaye hafi ibihumbi 200 ($200,000) by’amadorari angana na Miliyoni 150 z’amanyarwanda kugirango umuhungu wa Kagame Brian yige amashuri yisumbuye.

Dore ibibazo umuntu yakwibaza nyuma yo kumva ko undi muhungu wa Kagame yarangije kwiga amashuri yisumbuye muri Amerika:

Ese ko batubwira ko u Rwanda rwateye imbere, Perezida Kagame yabuze ishuri mu Rwanda ryashobora guha abana be inyigisho ku rwego rw’amashuri yisumbuye?
Ese kuba Kagame yohereza abana be kwiga hanze ntibyaba ari ikimenyetso simusiga ko nawe atemera aho uburezi mu Rwanda buhagaze? Perezida Habyarimana we yanze ko abana be bajya kwiga amashuri yisumbuye hanze kuburyo bose bigaga mu gihugu akabohereza hanze bagiye kwiga za kaminuza.
None se kuriha $200,000 (Ibihumbi 200 by’amadorari) amashuri yisumbuye nabyo twabyita kwiha agaciro cyangwa ni ugutesha agaciro uburezi bw’u Rwanda?
None se aya mafaranga ninde uyariha? Ni Kagame cyangwa ni igihugu? Ese koko niba Kagame ariwe uriha akaba hari gihe yari afite abana 4 bose biga muri Amerika bivuga ko wenda yarihaga $200,000 ku mwaka, aya mafaranga ayakurahe mu gihe tuzi ko umushara we ku mwaka utarenze ibihumbi 200 by’amadorari?

Mu gusoza njye nakwemeza mvuga ko kuriha $50,000 k’umwaka amashuri yisumbuye ari ugusesagura cyane cyane ko mu Rwanda hari abarimu badahembwa neza ndetse n’ibindi bibazo igihugu gifite nk’iby’inzara, ubukene n’ibindi.

Justin Gatabazi
Los Angeles

Rwandan schools increase fees as the Ministry of education stops funding

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Pupils in a rural school in Rwanda take their meal during the lunch break. Fee increment in public boarding schools follows a decision by the Education ministry to divert part of its funding to schools so as to support the school feeding programme in 9-12-year education schools. PHOTO | FILE

By Johnson Kanamugire

Rwanda’s public boarding schools have increased fees amid concerns that the move by the Ministry of Education (Mineduc) to withdraw financial incentives could lead to high operating costs.

Rwanda Today has established that major public schools in the country increased fees by between Rwf8,000 and Rwf20,000, pushing the cost of education much higher for struggling poor parents.

The development follows a decision by the ministry to divert part of its funding to schools so as to support the school feeding programme in 9-12-year education schools.

Last year, the issue came to the attention of the Finance Ministry, with Minister Claver Gatete reportedly warning Mineduc officials that the decision could, if not properly thought out, have negative implications.

However, as the new academic year begins, the much-disputed change has forced public schools to increase fees while others are considering convening parents’ meetings to discuss the increment.

“We only increased fees by Rwf9,000 for new students joining senior one and S4 as we plan to hold a parents meeting on March 5 to decide the increment,” said Sr M Goretti Umugwaneza, head of Lycee de Zaza, a public secondary school in Eastern Province.

“If we don’t get the money, students will hardly have food, for Mineduc’s decision came as a surprise when we had not notified parents of a possible change in the fees structure.”

Rwanda Today understands that Mineduc was paying Rwf156 per student per day which, according to school managers, is spent on three meals the student takes at school. The total funding is Rwf9,000 per student per school term, which many educators consider too little and not proportionate to the situation on the market.

Sources say ministry officials decided to stop part of the funding, leaving a student feeding on only Rwf56 as the rest of the fund is used in feeding students from poor families in 9-12-year day schools.

The majority of school authorities, parents and educators are however confused by the changes, with some boarding public schools passing the burden to parents by way of hiking fees while others said they are yet to be issued with the directive to follow.

A spot check by this newspaper revealed that urban public schools raised fees the most, by as much as Rwf20,000, while most rural schools made an increase ranging from Rwf8,000 to Rwf11,000.

While parents sending their children to Lycee Notre Dame de Citeaux in Kigali saw the fees go up from Rwf60,000 to Rwf90,000 in the new academic year, TTC Save in Southern Province augmented fees from Rwf68,000 to Rwf76,500 while Groupe Scolaire Shyogwe raised theirs from Rwf54,300 to Rwf65,300.

Hundreds of affected parents were seen queuing in banks days after other students had headed to school for the new academic year that started on February 1 in blatant rush to pay for their children. Those who could not raise the fees have had to accompany their children to school to plead with the authorities to pay the fees in installments.

Jerome Sebaganje, 55, from Rugera Sector in Nyabihu District on Monday accompanied one of his six school-going children to a school in Gicumbi since he could not immediately get the required Rwf91,100.

“It’s particularly hard for me because one of my children dropped out while in senior five, I could no longer be able to pay for them all,” said Mr Sebaganje, protesting the increase in school fees. “If they fees continue going up, I don’t think I will be able to educate this one unless I get government help.”

In addition to paying Rwf64,000 in school fees, parents at Lycee de Zaza have been footing the bills of two school projects — construction of a Rwf150 million multipurpose hall and removal of asbestos roofs, which will cost Rwf82 million.

Parents will now be required to pay an additional Rwf9,000, taking the fees to Rwf73,000, and Rwf13,000 in the two projects, school officials said.
“Now imagine telling parents that they must pay more money,” Sr Umugwaneza said.

The nun’s sentiments were echoed by Fr J Bosco Mupenzi, head of Groupe Scolaire St Joseph Birambo, a rural secondary school in Karongi, Western Province, who said rural poor parents could find it hard to maintain children in school.

“For us challenges are many because very few parents here can raise the required Rwf57,000,” said Fr Mupenzi.

Source:http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/Rwanda/News/Rwandan-schools-increase-fees-as-Mineduc-stops-funding/-/1433218/3074456/-/item/1/-/nql6t0z/-/index.html

Agatsiko ka Nyagatare karayogoza ibintu mu cyahoze ari KIST

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Nk’uko tubikesha ibinyamakuru bitandukanye, ubu muri Koleji y’ubumenyi n’ ikoranabuhanga ahahoze hitwa KIST hari umwuka mubi uterwa n’agatsiko k’abanyeshuri bigize indobanure bavangura kandi bakigizayo bagenzi babo.

Ako gatsiko kagizwe n’abanyeshuri bakomoka mu karere ka Nyagatare akaba ari bo bashaka no kwiharira imyanya yose y’ubuyobozi bw’abanyeshuri. Karangwa no kwironda ndetse no kwikuza cyane ku buryo umunyeshuri ukomoka mu kandi karere k’igihugu yigizwayo. Ikibabaje cyane ni uko aka gatsiko ari nako gashinzwe guhitamo abanyeshuri bahabwa amacumbi bikaba byaragaragaye ko aho kugira ngo umunyeshuri abone icumbi atari uwo mu gatsiko ka Nyagatare ahubwo rihabwa umuntu utari umunyeshuri.

Abanyeshuri babiteye imboni bityo bahitamo guhindura ibintu binyuze mu muco wa demokarasi bakiyamamaza maze nabo bagahindura ibintu bamaze gutorwa. Nyamara aka gatsiko kagize ubwoba maze gatangira gushyiraho iterabwoba ku ba kandida ngo bareke kwiyamamaza ngo maze bazahabwe indi myanya. Abanze gukuramo kadidatire zabo bahanaguwe kuri liste.

Mu matora afifitse abakandida bose bari abaturuka mu gatsiko ka Nyagatare nk’uko bigaragara aha hasi.

Abatowe ni abo bari mu ibara ry’umuhondo.

Hagati aho ubuyobozi bw’ishuri bwirinze kugira icyo buvuga ariko bwemeza ko icyo kibazo butari bukizi mu gihe bamwe mu banyeshuri bavuga ko ubuyobozi bwabimenyeshejwe kenshi ari bukavunira ibiti mu matwi.

Iki kibazo cy’ivangura kiramutse kidakumiwe mu maguru mashya gishobora gutuma Abanyeshuri bivumbura maze ingaruka zikaba nyinshi kurushaho.

Turacyabikurikirana.

Rwanda: Kubera ibibazo by’ingutu mu bukungu bamwe bakombambehe ba FPR begujwe.

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Uretse Louise Karamage ( Louise Mujawayezu Karame) wegujwe kubera ko atabashije guhisha ikibazo cy’abanyeshuri bicwa n’inzara, inama y’aba ministri yo kuwa 15 Ukuboza yemeje:

• Iteka rya Minisitiri w’Intebe ryirukana burundu ku mwanya w’umushinjacyaha Bwana NZIGIYIMANA Chem;

• Iteka rya Minisitiri w’Intebe ryemerera Bwana SEBAZUNGU Alphonse wari intumwa ya Leta ishinzwe Serivisi yo kuburana imanza za Leta muri MINIJUST, kujya mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru;

• Iteka rya Minisitiri w’Intebe ryemerera Bwana MUTABAZI Jean de Dieu, wari Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Imari n’Ubutegetsi muri Special Guarantee Fund (SGF), guhagarika akazi mu gihe kitazwi;

• Iteka rya Minisitiri w’intebe ryemerera Bwana UWASE Aimé, wari Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe igenamigambi n’Ubushakashatsi muri MINEAC, guhagarika akazi mu gihe kitazwi;

• Iteka rya Minisitiri w’Intebe ryemerera Madamu Louise MUJAWAYEZU Karame( Louise Karamage), wari umuyobozi ushinzwe ishami ry’inguzanyo z’abanyeshuri bo mu mashuri makuru ya Leta muri REB, gusezera burundu ku kazi;

Ibi byose ni ugushakira umuti aho utari. Twibutse ko ingengo y’imari y’umwaka wa 2014/2015 ibura amafranga arenga miliyari 700 kugira ngo igihugu kibashe gukora gahunda zacyo. Mu rwego rwo guhanga n’iki kibazo u Rwanda rukomeje gusabiriza no gushaka guteza indi ntambara muri Kongo ngo rubashe kwiba amabuye y’agaciro. Nyamara umuti nyawo ni ukogosha ibipusi bibyibushye( Fat cats: imishahara ya ba Minisitiri na Perezida wa Repubulika). Ibi Kagame ntabikozwa dore ko yashimye ka kazina ka Mobayilo Purezidenti uhora mu ndege arya amafranga ava mu misoro ya rubanda. Admin

Dore inkuru ya Aheza.com

Louise MUJAWAYEZU Karame (Louise Karamage ) wari ushinzwe inguzanyo muri Rwanda Education Board.

Ibi bibaye nyuma y’uruhuri rw’ibibazo byari bimaze iminsi bivugwa mu ishami yari akuriye. Ibi ni nabyo byabaye intandaro yo guhamagarwa n’ inteko ishinga amategeko umutwe w’ abadepite mu cyumweru gishize bagiye gusobanura ibibazo by’ itangwa ry’ inguzanyo ku banyeshuri b’ amashuri makuru na za kaminuza.

Ubwo Louise KARAMAGE na Minisitiri w’uburezi Prof SILAS RWAKABAMBA,bitabaga inteko ishinga amategeko, bombi bigurukije ibibazo biri mu itangwa ry’inguzanyo z’abanyeshuri biga muri za kaminuza. Minisitiri RWAKABAMBA yashinje REB guhuzagurika mu gukora intonde z’abagenerwa iyi nguzanyo.Mu gihe Louise KARAMAGE we yari yavuze ko aya mafaranga REB nayo itinda kuyabona. Yagize ati“Gutinda kw’amafaranga hari impamvu nyinshi zibitera. Iya mbere ni bureaucracy ( usanga liste zica muri institution (ibigo) nyinshi kandi REB idafite ho ububasha.”

Ibi byateye impungenge abanyeshuri bibaza niba ubu bwegure butagiye kudindiza ikemurwa ry’ ibibazo basanganwe. Bamwe mu banyeshuri baganiriye na Aheza.com bavuze ko nubwo nta kizere bibaha,babona byari bikwiriye .

Louise Karamage, mu nyandiko ye y’ubwegure yavuze ko yeguye ku mpamvu ze bwite.Ubu bwegure bwa Louise Karamage buje bukurikira: Perezida wa Sena Ntawukuriryayo J. Damascene, Uwari umuyobozi w’akarere ka Kirehe, Murayire Protais ndetse na komite nyobozi y’akarere ka Nyarugenge. Aba bose bakaba baragiye bavuga ko beguye ku mpamvu zabo bwite.

Nsengiyumva Vincent/ Aheza.com

Rwanda: ubukungu bwifashe nabi cyane, uburezi bukahababarira!

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Mu nteko ishinga amategeko Minisitri w’uburezi Prof Silas RWAKABAMBA yagaragarije abadepite ko izingiro ry’ibibazo bihora mu nguzanyo z’abanyeshuri biga Muri kaminuza ari amafaranga make igihugu u Rwanda rufite atajyanye n’umubare w’abanyeshuri. Abadepite bibajije impamvu ibi byari byaragizwe ubwiru n’abayobozi mu nzego z’uburezi kugeza ubwo abanyeshuri batabaza itangazamakuru n’inteko.

Imwe mu mafoto ikunze gucicikana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga abanyeshuri bagaragaza ko bashonje (Photo Internet)

Mu itangazamakuru hakunze kumvikana amajwi y’abanyeshuri ba Kaminuza bavuga ko badahabwa amafaranga yo kubatunga nkuko baba barayemerewe. Bamwe bakavuga ko bitewe no gutinda kubona aya mafaranga ndetse n’ibirarane baberewemo; bahagarika kurya ndetse abandi bagahora mu makimbirane n’ababacumbikiye. Uyu mwaka bigeze mu kwezi kwa 12 nta faranga na rimwe ry’uyumwaka riratangwa; bivuze amezi atatu y’ubukererwe.

Umuyobozi ushinzwe inguzanyo mu kigo cy'igihugu cy'uburezi REB Louise Karamage — Umuyobozi ushinzwe inguzanyo mu kigo cy’igihugu cy’uburezi REB Louise Karamage

Ministeri y’uburezi n’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’uburezi REB bitabye inteko ishingamategeko ku kibazo cy’inguzanyo zemererwa abanyeshuri ntibazibone. Umuyobozi ushinzwe inguzanyo muri REB Louise KARAMAGE avuga ko aya mafaranga REB nayo itinda kuyabona. Yagize ati “Gutinda kw’amafaranga hari impamvu nyinshi zibitera. Iya mbere ni bureaucracy ( usanga liste zica muri institution(ibigo) nyinshi kandi REB idafiteho ububasha.”

Bamwe mu banyeshuri biga muri Kaminuza bagejeje ku badepite ibibazo by’uko bakuwe ku rutonde rw’abahabwa amafaranga yo kubatunga kandi bakennye. Abazemerewe nabo bagataka ko batazibona nkuko bikwiriye. Abadepite bibaza impamvu zituma Ministeri y’uburezi y’uburezi itasobanuriye abanyeshuri impamvu zabyo mbere y’uko bajya mu itangazamakuru.

Abadepite bavuze ko mu rwego rw’uburezi harimo ibibazo by’agatereranzamba kandi bihora bigonga Ministeri na REB. Bibajije ukuntu umwana wemewe ko atabasha kwitunga ashobora kumara amezi 5 adahawe ikimutunga. Bati “ Ubwo se yaba arya iki? Ese ubundi bizakemuka burundu ryari?

Ahawe umwanya ngo asobanure iki kibazo Minitre w’uburezi Prof Silas RWAKABAMBA yavuze ko u Rwanda rudafite amafaranga ahagije ugereranije n’umubare w’abanyeshuri rwemerera kwiga kandi batishoboye. Yagize ati” we have a limited Budget (nta mafaranga ahagije dufite)”

Ministre RWAKABAMBA kandi yanikomye ikigo cy’igihugu cy’uburezi REB ku guhuzagurika mu guhitamo abagenerwa inguzanyo. RWAKABAMBA yagize ati “uyu mwaka twari dufite abanyeshuri twarabaze azafasha abanyeshuri 5 841 ariko bitewe n’abajuriye barenze 6 000. Ibi byatewe nuko REB yakiriye abandi banyeshuri bari bajuriye yagiye mu birarane birenga Miliyoni 2. Ayo Minisiteri y’imari ntiyayaduha.”

Ministre yakomeje agira ati “ ubwo nazaga mu Rwanda muri 1997 hari abanyeshuri 3 000 bigaga muri Kaminuza leta yishyuriraga buri wese. Bagushyiraga mu Mvaho bagahita bakwishyurira. Ubu dufite abarenga 85 000 bose tugiye kubishyurira nta mafaranga wabona kuri buri wese”.

Amakosa yo mu burezi kandi Ministre yagaraje ko hari n’aterwa no kuba Kaminuza y’u Rwanda ikiri kwiyubaka. Minisiteri y’uburezi yijeje inteko ishinga amategeko ko hari kwiga uburyo ibi bibazo biri mu burezi bitazasubira umwaka utaha.

NIYODUSHIMA Dieudonne/ Aheza.com

Mandela’s education legacy in Arusha

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At the entrance to the Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), near Arusha city, stands two statues of Africa’s foremost leaders — Mwalimu Julius Nyerere and Mzee Nelson Mandela.

The concrete plaques have inscriptions of words of wisdom from the two statesmen. That of Mandela, who passed away on Thursday last week, is about freedom.

His conviction is that education is the cornerstone for the liberation of Africans from poverty and underdevelopment. Therefore, scientific knowledge would spur economic growth.

The icon of anti-apartheid struggle in South Africa must have realised how Africa was lagging behind because of low capacity in science and technology.

The late Mzee Mandela, or as he is affectionately called in his home land Tata Madiba, served only one five-year term as the president of Africa’s economic powerhouse, 1994 – 1999.

During his presidency he happened to meet the World Bank president then, James Wolfensohn, an Australian-born US citizen and discussed how the Bretton Woods institutions can help tackle underdevelopment in Africa.

They concurred, on a suggestion by Mandela, that Africa would have to invest heavily in science and technology in order to spur economic growth. That would be through building capacity of experts through training.

It was suggested, therefore, that a network of pan African institutes of science and technology be established across the continent to realise the dream. One of them is the Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology at Tengeru.

These institutions, which are the proud brainchild of Nelson Mandela, envision training and developing the next generation of African scientists and engineers with a view to impacting profoundly on the continent’s development through the application of science, engineering and technology (SET).

The Arusha based NM-AIST is, therefore, being developed to become a world-class research intensive training institution mainly for postgraduates and post-docs in science, engineering and technology (SET) related fields.

Initially the fields of study covered by NM-AIST, taking advantage of the immense bio-diversity in countries forming its catchment area, will be life sciences and bio-engineering.

Others will be mathematics, computational and communication science and engineering; water resources and environmental science and engineering; materials science and engineering and; sustainable energy science and engineering.

Efforts to kick start the establishment of the Arusha campus of the university network took off in 2007 with a visit to Arusha by former Mozambican president Joachim Chissano who headed a team of high profile leaders.

Mr Chissano made the first revelation of the project and said Arusha has been chosen to be one of the centres of the network and that the campus at Tengeru would serve the eastern part of Africa.

The award-winning former Mozambican leader in his press briefing did not hide the fact that underdevelopment in Africa had weighed heavily on lack of skills and expertise and that the initiative was aimed to address the shortcoming. The process to establish the institute was not an easy task. It involved consultations between the Tanzania government and regional bodies such as the African Union (AU), academic institutions abroad and development partners.

Finally the project took off with the massive rehabilitation of the former premises of the Centre for Agricultural Mechanisation and Rural Technology (Camartec) to NM-AIST.

Officially, the college was inaugurated on November 2, last year by President Jakaya Kikwete and Tanzania government alone is reported to have injected more than $60 million (Sh90 billion).

Mandela is seen as the political figure who has given the initiative the much needed push.

Prof Burton Mwamwila, the vice chancellor of NM-AIST, was one of the many academicians associated with the network of science and technology colleges and grieved the passing of Africa’s great leader.

He said in a text to The Citizen on Saturday that Mzee Mandela would be much remembered for having Africa’s dream to promote STI (science, technology and innovation).

NM-AIST, he added, aims to become a world-class institution of higher learning dedicated to the pursuit and promotion of excellence in science and engineering, and their applications for economic growth and sustainable development in Africa.

Prof Calestous Juma, a Kenya-born scientist at the Harvard University in the United States says Africa’s full liberation requires strong science and technology institutes – something Nelson Mandela knew very well.

“What is less well known is that the struggle for political freedom was closely associated with the desire to develop scientific and technological capacity,” said Prof Juma during his recent visit in Arusha. The Harvard scholar argued that the dreaded apartheid in South Africa for which the late Mandela sacrificed his life to fight against did not just separate races.

Mandela, he noted, understood that exclusion from education was a major limiting factor to development. He said education was “the most powerful weapon with which you can change the world”.

According to Prof Juma, himself one of the distinguished science and technology scholars in Africa, two NM-AISTs have already been established — in Tanzania and Nigeria — and a third is planned in Burkina Faso.

“Mandela will be remembered as one of the greatest leaders of all time. The best way is to live up to his loftiest aspirations for Africa — to give future generations science and technology education for expansion of their economic opportunity,” he said.

By Zephania Ubwani, The Citizen Bureau Chief

Uburezi bw’u Rwanda: Igifaransa kigiye kongera guhabwa agaciro.

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Dr Joyce Musabe yungirije ushinzwe integanyanyigisho mu kigo gishinzwe guteza imbere uburezi-REB

Iyo witegereje umurongo wa politiki y’uburezi mu Rwanda nta gushidikanya uhita ubona impinduka za buri munsi zitwa ko ari ukujyana n’ibihe. Nyamara iyo ubisesenguye neza usanga ari ukujarajara no gutagaguza amafranga ava mu misoro y’abenegihugu kubera ko nta bushishozi bukoreshwa mu gufata ibyemezo.

Nyuma ya jenoside yo mu mwaka wa 1994, politiki y’uburezi yihatiye guhuza systems zitandukanye zari mu Rwanda bitewe n’aho abahungutse baje baturuka. Wasangaga hari system y’icyongereza yizwemo n’abakuriye mu bihugu bya Uganda na Tanzania ndetse na Kenya, na system y’igifaransa yizwemo n’abakuriye mu Rwanda, Burundi ndetse na Congo( Zaire). Wasangaga kandi no muri izi systems ubwazo harimo amatandukaniro. Urugero abize muri Tanzania wasangaga hari aho batandukaniye n’abize muri Uganda ndetse abize mu Rwanda, Burundi na Zaire nabo babaga bafite itandukaniro. Kuri ibi hiyongeragaho n’uko system y’ubuyobozi mu Rwanda yari isanzwe ikoresha indimi ebyiri, Igifransa n’ikinyarwanda kandi amategeko akaba yari yanditswe muri izo ndimi zombi.

Mu rwego rwo gukemura icyo kibazo hafashwe icyemezo cyo guhuza systems zombi maze igihugu kikinjira mu rugaga rw’ibihugu bikoresha indimi ebyiri z’amahanga (igifaransa n’icyongereza) hakiyoneraho n’ururimi gakondo rw’ikinyarwanda. Nko kwinjira muri kaminuza, umunyeshuri wakuriye muri system y’icyongereza yagombaga kumara umwaka wose yihugura byihuse mu rurimi rw’igifaransa kugira ngo azabashe gukurikira amasomo ye mu gihe habonetse umwarimu ukoresha urwo rurimi. Uwakuriye muri system y’igifaransa na we yagombaga gukora umwaka wose yihugura mu cyiongereza. Uwo mwaka w’indimi wiswe EPLM( Etudes preliminaires en Langues Modernes). Muri icyo gihe hari abanyeshuri baturutse muri Uganda bamaganye iyo system atari uko yari mbi, ahubwo kuko bari bamaze gutsindwa igifaransa. Leta yabasabye kwiga bagatsinda ariko bahisemo guhunga na bo biyita impunzi za politiki.

Ibintu byakomeje kugenda gutyo ndetse abantu benshi baturutse muri system y’icyongereza biga igifaransa. Paul Kagame na we yaracyize ndetse mu ijambo rye arahira nyuma y’amatora( afifitse) ya 2003 yavuze agace gatoya mu rurimi rw’igifaransa. Ariko guhera mu mwaka wa 2004, ibibazo bikomeye U Rwanda rwari rufitanye n’Ubufaransa byakomeje gukaza umurego maze igifaransa gitangira kwigizwayo. Nyuma yaho u Rwanda rwatangaje ko rushaka kwinjira mu muryango wa EAC (ibihugu by’afurika y’uburasirazuba) rukava mu muryango wa CEEAC w’ibihugu by’afurika yo hagati. Iyi miryango ikoresha indimi zitandukanye: EAC ikoresha icyongereza naho CEEAC igakoresha igifaransa, cyakora nta gihugu gihezwa bitewe n’ururimi gikoresha kuko iyi miryango ishingiye cyane ku miterere y’akarere ( geography). Nyuma y’aho U Rwanda rwasabye kandi rwemererwa kwinjira mu muryango wa Commonwealth ugizwe n’ibihugu byakolonijwe n’u Bwongereza.

Mu mwaka wa 2009, u Rwanda rwaraye ruvuga igifaransa n’icyongereza bucya rutakivuga igifaransa. Havugwa ko Paul Kagame yaciye igifaransa akavuga ko buri munyarwanda agomba kuvuga icyongereza. Nta tegeko cyangwa ibwirizwa ryanditse ryigeze rishyirwa ahagaragara. Iyo bijya kubaho, byari kuba binyuranyije n’itegeko nshinga ry’u Rwanda ryemera ndetse rigakoresha indimi eshatu twavuze haruguru (igifransa, icyingereza n’ikinyarwanda). Guhera icyo gihe wabaye umwanya wo kwigiriza nkana ku bantu batavugaga icyongereza. Ministeri y’uburezi yazanye abarimu b’icyongereza bavuye muri Uganda bikaba byaravuzwe ko bamwe bakoreshaga impamyabumenyi z’impimbano kugira ngo bibonere umugati bakaza kuroga ngo barigisha abana b’u Rwanda. Nta genzura ryigeze rikorwa ngo iki kibazo gikemurwe kuko wasangaga Leta isa n’aho ishaka gukura mu burezi abatavuga icyongereza. Cyakora benshi bihatiye kucyiga n’utacyizi yitoza kujya avuga utujambo nka so, serious n’utundi dukoreshwa n’abayobozi baturutse Uganda. Izi mpinduka zagize ingaruka zikomeye ku burezi bw’u Rwanda kugeza aho kaminuza y’u Rwanda isubiye inyuma ho imyanya yegera 1000 ku rutonde rwa za kaminuza zo ku isi.

Mu nama yabaye ku matariki ya25 na 26 Ugushyingo 2013 noneho hemejwe ko amasaha yo kwigisha igifaransa yongerwa ngo mu rwego rwo gutegura umunyeshuri ufite ubumenyi bwahangana n’isoko. Ibi ntibyagombye kuba byarabayeho iyo system y’indimi ebyiri yari yatangijwe ikomeza. Usanga u Rwanda rufatwa nk’igihugu kivuga igifaransa kuri bamwe ariko abandi nabo bagakeka ko u Rwanda ruvuga icyiongereza. Bake cyane nibo bazi ko higeze kubaho gahunda yo kugira indimi zombi.

Uretse igifaransa cyongeye guhabwa agaciro ku buryo butunguranye,nk’uko bitangazwa na Dr Joyce Musabe, ururimi rw’ikinyarwanda na rwo ruzahabwa agaciro ku buryo amasaha yo kucyiga azongerwa. Igifaransa kizongera kujya gikorwamo ibizamini. Ibi bije bikurikira ikomanyirizwa ryari rimaze iminsi rikorerwa abanyeshuri barangije mu mashuri y’u Rwanda, aho basubizwaga inyuma mu gihe babaga bashaka gukomeza muri zimwe muri kaminuza z’Uburayi cyangwa se America na Canada. Aho batasabwaga gusubiramo ibyo bize, basabwaga kugira amanota arenze cyane ayo bagenzi babo baturutse mu Burundi cyangwa Congo babaga basabwa kugira.

Iki cyemezo ni cyiza ariko kugifata bitwaye umwanya n’amafranga ava mu misoro y’abaturage yagombaga gukoreshwa mu bindi iyo gahunda yariho yo kuvuga indimi ebyiri z’amahanga idahungabanywa. Tujye twigira ku byo tubona.

Chaste Gahunde